本帖最后由 -Forest- 于 2020-4-22 17:41 编辑
整整配置了一个周末，把踩过的坑记录下来，以后参考用：
1.换源:
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.lis
备份旧源以防万一
替换为下列内容
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main universe restricted
#deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main universe restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main universe restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main universe restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main universe restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main universe restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports main multiverse restricted universe
更新源
apt-get update
2.更改python默认版本
新系统默认2.7，更换为系统自带3.6
rm /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python
查看是否替换成功
python -V
3.安装环境
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgarde#这条不用
sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev build-essential
sudo apt-get install python3-pip python3-dev build-essential
sudo apt-get install gedit
sudo apt-get install openssl*
sudo apt-get install ipython3
sudo apt-get install minicom
sudo apt-get install cmake git
sudo apt-get install inetutils-ping
安装中文库和输入法：可选
sudo apt-get install scim scim-pinyin
安装火狐浏览器：可选
sudo apt-get install firefox
安装依赖：
sudo apt-get install python3-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
apt-get install python3-dev python3-pip
5 安装opencv
apt search opencv
可以看到python-opencv和python3-opencv。分别对应python2和python3的版本。
安装python3的版本
apt-get install python3-opencv
这个命令自动安装numpy
如果不成功可以自己编译opencv，比较麻烦，后续上传opencv源码和编译方法：opencv源码：
提取码：92oj
编译参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_25680531/article/details/80854344
5 安装PyTorch
如果不想自己折腾，直接下载编译好的包安装即可
百度网盘：
提取码：fxf8
下载好后：
pip3 install ./torch-1.1.0a0+7e73783-cp36-cp36m-linux_aarch64.whl
装好后 导入torch时会报错：
File "/home/firefly/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/torch/__init__.py", line 79, in <module>
from torch._C import *
ImportError: libopenblas.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
原因是缺少库：libopenblas.so
安装参考：https://blog.csdn.net/mywmy/article/details/96993537
如果想试一下编译pytorch：
pytorch1.1.0源码下载：(如果不需要新版本，网速慢就直接下载这个)
提取码：cvew
pytorch源码编译参考树莓派上编译安装pytorch
交换空间尽量在2g以上，要不内存实在不够用，编译六核全开老报错，我用三个核编译。
{:4_114:}
然后就能愉快的跑模型了